Shiohiru-tama: Unveiling the Magic of the Tide-Ebbing Jewel
In the vast pantheon of Japanese mythology, few artifacts possess the raw elemental power of the Shiohiru-tama, or the “Tide-Ebbing Jewel.” While samurai swords and sacred mirrors often dominate popular discussions of Shinto relics, the Tide-Ebbing Jewel (and its counterpart, the Tide-Flowing Jewel) represents the ancient Japanese reverence for and fear of the ocean. For travelers and culture enthusiasts, understanding this mystical object unlocks a deeper appreciation of Japan’s maritime heritage and leads to some of the most stunning coastal shrines in the country.
Introduction to the Jewels of the Sea
The Shiohiru-tama is a magical gemstone said to have the power to force the ocean tides to recede instantly. It is inextricably linked with its twin, the Shiomitsu-tama (Tide-Flowing Jewel), which causes the waters to rise. Together, they grant the wielder absolute control over the sea—a godlike ability in an island nation where the ocean brings both bountiful harvests and devastating tsunamis.
These jewels are not merely fictional tropes found in anime; they are deeply rooted in the creation myths of Japan and are associated with the lineage of the Imperial Family. For the cultural traveler, tracing the path of these jewels offers a fascinating itinerary through the Kyushu region, specifically Miyazaki Prefecture.
Origins: Gifts from the Dragon Palace
The origins of the Tide-Ebbing Jewel are found in the depths of the ocean, at Ryugu-jo (the Dragon Palace). According to ancient texts, these jewels were the treasured possessions of Watatsumi, the Dragon God of the Sea (also known as Ryujin).
Unlike the Imperial Regalia of Japan (the sword, mirror, and jewel), which are kept hidden and are central to the Emperor’s legitimacy, the Tide Jewels represent the link between the terrestrial gods and the maritime deities. They symbolize the balance of nature—the rhythmic breath of the ocean—and the divine authority required to govern such volatile forces.
The Legend of Yamasachihiko and Umisachihiko
The most famous story involving the Shiohiru-tama is the tale of two divine brothers: Hoori (known as Yamasachihiko or “Mountain Luck”) and Hoderi (known as Umisachihiko or “Sea Luck”). This legend serves as a foundational narrative for the Japanese Imperial line.
The Lost Hook
As the legend goes, the brothers decided to swap roles for a day. Hoori tried fishing but failed miserably, losing his brother’s prized fishhook in the process. Furious, Hoderi demanded the original hook back, refusing any substitutes. Despondent, Hoori sat by the shore until a deity advised him to seek the Dragon Palace.
The Gift of Power
Upon reaching the underwater palace, Hoori met and married the Sea God’s daughter, Toyotama-hime. After three years of bliss, he remembered his mission. The Sea God found the lost hook and prepared Hoori for his return to the surface. To ensure Hoori’s safety and supremacy over his jealous brother, the Sea God gifted him the two magical jewels.
The Battle of the Tides
When Hoori returned, he returned the hook, but animosity remained. Hoderi attacked his younger brother with a weapon. In defense, Hoori produced the Shiomitsu-tama (Tide-Flowing Jewel), causing the waters to rise and drowning his brother until he begged for mercy. Once Hoderi submitted, Hoori produced the Shiohiru-tama (Tide-Ebbing Jewel), causing the waters to recede and saving his brother’s life. This act secured Hoori’s dominance, and his grandson eventually became Jimmu, the first Emperor of Japan.
Modern Culture and Symbolism
Today, the Shiohiru-tama persists in Japanese pop culture and religious symbolism. The concept of controlling water remains a popular trope in manga and video games, often directly referencing the names of the jewels.
Culturally, the jewels symbolize the dual nature of leadership: the power to punish (the rising tide) and the grace to forgive (the ebbing tide). They remind the Japanese people that nature is a force to be respected, not conquered, and that true power lies in maintaining balance.
Traveler’s Tips: Where to Find the Legend
If you want to walk in the footsteps of this myth, you must travel to Miyazaki Prefecture in Kyushu, known as the “Land of Myths.”
1. Udo Jingu (Udo Shrine)
Located in a spectacular cave on the side of a cliff facing the Pacific Ocean, this shrine is dedicated to the father of Emperor Jimmu (the son of Hoori and Toyotama-hime). The setting is dramatic and perfectly evokes the feeling of the Dragon Palace.
- Activity: Visitors can purchase undama (lucky clay balls) and try to throw them into a target on a rock below the cliff. This relates to the jewels and is said to bring good fortune.
2. Aoshima Shrine
Located on a small island connected by a bridge, this shrine is surrounded by the “Devil’s Washboard” rock formations. It is said to be the location where Hoori came ashore upon returning from the Sea Palace. The shrine is a popular power spot for matchmaking.
3. Watatsumi Shrine (Tsushima)
For the adventurous traveler, Watatsumi Shrine in Tsushima (Nagasaki Prefecture) features torii gates that stand in the ocean. At high tide, they are submerged, and at low tide (the magic of the Shiohiru-tama), you can walk up to them. It is directly dedicated to the Sea God and his daughter.
Sources & Further Reading
To deepen your understanding of the Shiohiru-tama and the deities involved, the following historical texts are essential reading:
- The Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters): Japan’s oldest chronicle (712 AD) contains the full narrative of the luck of the sea and the mountain.
- The Nihon Shoki (The Chronicles of Japan): Completed in 720 AD, this text offers a slightly different variation of the myth and provides more historical context regarding the Imperial lineage.
- Miyazaki Prefecture Official Tourism Guide: Offers up-to-date information on visiting the “Route of Myths” and accessing Udo Jingu.